HANDBOOK  OF  HISTORICAL  FACTS 
ABOUT  NORTH  CAROLINA  IN  THE 
WAR  BETWEEN  THE  STATES, 
1861-1865 
Mrs.  John  Huske  Anderson 


THE  LIBRARY  OF  THE 

UNIVERSITY  OF 

NORTH  CAROLINA 

AT  CHAPEL  HILL 


THE  COLLECTION  OF 
NORTH  CAROLINIANA 


Cp970.7 

A5U.2 
c.2 


HANDBOOK  OF  HISTORICAL  FACTS 

about 

NORTH  CAROLINA 

in  the 

WAR  BETWEEN  THE  STATES 
1861—1865 


Compiled  by 

MRS.  JOHN  HUSKE  ANDERSON 

Historian  1924 — 1926 

NORTH  CAROLINA  DIVISION 

UNITED  DAUGHTERS  OF  THE 

CONFEDERACY 


0 


Reprinted  for  the 

J.  E.  B.  STUART  CHAPTER 

Fayetteville,  N.  C 

1927 


BEGINNING  OF  THE  U.  D.  C. 


O    '■ 


•  •*y* 


The  United  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy  was  organ' 
ized  in  1894,  with  Mrs.  C.  M.  Goodlet,  of  Nashville, 
Tennessee,  the  first  President  General. 

The  Cape  Fear  Chapter  of  Wilmington,  organized  by 
Mrs.  W.  M.  Parsley,  was  the  third  Chapter  joining  the 
General  organization,  applying  for  Charter  Dec.  27,  1894. 

North  Carolina  Division  U.  D.  C.  was  organized  April 
28,  1897,  by  Mrs.  William  M.  Parsley,  of  Wilmington. 

First  Convention  held  in  Wilmington,  October  3rd, 
1897,  with  Mrs.  Parsley  as  the  first  President  of  the  North 
Carolina  Division,  six  Chapters  being  represented. 

Motto  of  Historical  Department  U.  D.  C: 

"Loyalty  to  the  truth  of  Confederate  history." 

Keyword:     "Preparedness." 

Flower:     The  Rose. 

Motto  of  N.  C.  Division:     "Lest  we  forget." 

Flower:     Eglantine. 


^ 


FACTS  ABOUT  NORTH  CAROLINA 

1861—1865 

"They  gave  us  great  glory, 
What  more  could  they  give? 
They  left  u§  a  story, 
A  story  to  live.'"' 

State  Slogan:  "First  at  Bethel,  Farthest  at  Gettys' 
burg  and  Chicamauga,   Last  at  Appomattox. " 

North  Carolina  sent  125,000  soldiers  in  the  War  Be' 
tween  the  States,  from  a  population  of  115,000  voters, 
furnishing  oncfifth  of  the  600,000  men  in  the  Confed' 
erate  Army — her  loss  being  oncthird. 

Total  number  of  lives  lost  in  Confederate  Army  was 
74,524,  of  which   19,643  were  from  North  Carolina. 

North  Carolina  furnished  84  regiments,  20  battalions, 
some  extra  companies  and  a  number  of  men  who  served 
in  commands  in  other  States. 

The  70th,  71st  and  72nd  regiments  and  3  battalions 
were  Junior  Reserves — 17  years  of  age. 

The  73rd,  74th,  76th,  77ttt  and  78th  were  Senior 
Reserves,  between  ages  of  45  and  50. 

Of  Gen.  Lee's  124  regiments,  24  were  from  N.  C. 

North  Carolina  suffered  the  first  loss  in  the  Confed' 
eracy,  at  Bethel,  in  the  death  of  Henry  Wyatt,  of  Edge 
combe  County,  on  June   10th,  '61. 

The  following  companies  (already  organized)  com' 
posed  the  "Bethel"  Regiment:  Edgecombe  Guards,  Hor' 
net's  Nest  Rifles,  Charlotte  Grays,  Orange  Light  Infan' 
try,  Buncombe  Riflemen,  LaFayette  Light  Infantry,  Burke 
Rifles,  Fayetteville  Independent  Light  Infantry,  Enfield 
Blues,  Southern  Stars,  Halifax  Light  Infantry. 

These  were  commanded  by  Col.  D.  H.  Hill,  as  the 
First  N.  C.  Regiment. 

In  the  "Seven  Days  Battle"  around  Richmond,  every 
fifth  Confederate  flag  floated  over  N.  C.  troops,  every 
5th  man  killed  was  from  N.  O,  every  4th  wounded  was 
from  N.  C. 


At  Chicamauga,  the  60th  Regiment  of  North  Carolina 
advanced  farthest  into  the  enemies'  lines,  of  any  Confed- 
erate troops  in  that  famous  charge. 

In  the  three  days  fight  at  Gettysburg,  of  the  1,292 
killed  (not  counting  the  wounded  12,707)  770  were 
North  Carolinians,  almost  twice  as  many  as  any  other 
State. 

The  26th  N.  C.  Regiment  suffered  at  Gettysburg  the 
heaviest  loss  in  killed"  and  wounded  of  any  regiment  on 
either  side  in  any  battle  of  the  War. 

Among  the  N.  C.  regiments  that  suffered  heaviest 
were:  The  5th  N.  C  at  Williamsburg,  the  4th,  at  Seven 
Pines,  the  3rd  at  Sharpsburg,  the  26th  at  Gettysburg,  the 
27th   at  Briscoe   Station. 

The  following  N.  C.  Brigades  were  in  the  Surrender 
at  Appomattox:  Cox's,  Grimes,"  Johnston's,  Lewis',  Mac 
Rae's,  Lane's,  Scales'.  Ransom's,  Barringer's,  Roberts'.  The 
last  shot  was  fired  by  Cox's  brigade. 

Grant's  army  at  Appomattox  was  220,000  whie  Lee's 
was  7,892. 

The  last  battle  of  the  Confederates  was  the  battle 
of  Bentonville,  fought  in  N.  C.  by  the  Junior  Reserves 
principally,  March  19th'  ,65. 

North  Carolina  furnished  51,000  stands  of  arms  and 
all  necessary  equipment.  She  spent  over  $27,000,000. 
for  the  Confederate  Government,  with  undeveloped  re 
sources.  The  women  of  North  Carolina  sent  $325,000 
in  supplies  from  their  own  stores,  in  addition  to  that  con' 
tributed  thru  the  State  Offices. 

North  Carolina  furnished  $6,000,000  worth  of  one 
year's  supplies  to  the  Confederate  Government  besides 
giving  many  valuable  stores  without  charge,  at  the  same 
time  supporting  and  clothing  her  own  troops  thru  the 
entire  war.  Reports  show  that  during  the  last  months 
of  the  war  N.  C.  was  feeding  one-half  of  Gen.  Lee's 
army. 


N.  C.  provided  Naval  Forces  for  the  protection  of  her 
sounds.  "The  Mosquito  Fleet"  were  8  little  one'gun 
boats  which  rendered  valuable  service,  these  capturing 
many  vessels  on  the  N.  C.  coast.  Later  twelve  others 
were  bought. 

The  ram  "Albermarle,,,  was  built  in  N.  C,  which  de' 
stroyed  the  Underwriter. 

The  "Blockade  Running'"  enterprise  was  adopted  only 
by  North  Carolina.  The  "Advance"1  in  1863,  was  pur' 
chased  as  a  Runner,  there  being  in  all  84  vessels  of  N.  C. 
engaged  between  foreign  ports  and  Wilmington.  There 
were  428  trips  made  by  these — one  of  the  most  perilous 
parts  of  the  service.  Its  value  was  shown  by  the  thous' 
ands  of  dollars  worth  of  supplies  from  Europe  that  were 
brought  into  port  at  Wilmington. 

The  three  day  bombardment  at  Ft.  Fisher  in  January, 
"65,  which  marked  the  beginning  of  the  end  of  the  Con' 
federacy,  established  a  record  for  artillery  firing  that  was 
unbroken  in  the  history  of  the  world  until  the  Russc 
Japanese  WTar.  Admirals  Dewey  and  Evans,  young  of' 
ficers  in  the  attacking  fleet,  called  it  the  "Gibraltar  of 
America/'' 

The  name  of  Confederate  Point  was  changed  to  Fort 
Fisher  when  the  gallant  Colonel  of  the  6th  N.  C.  Regi' 
ment,  Charles  F.  Fisher,  fell  at  Manassas. 

A  North  Carolina  Naval  Officer,  Captain  James  I. 
Waddell,  carried  a  Confederate  ship,  the  Shennand'oah, 
52,000  miles  from  the  Arctic  ocean  to  England,  and  never 
surrendered  his  flag  to  the  enemy,  but  gave  his  vessel  nito 
the  keeping  of  the  British  Government  six  months  after 
the  surrender  at  Appomattox.  The  Shennandoah  made 
more  havoc  on  commerce  than  any  other  vessel  in  the 
history  of  the  world  except  the  Alabama  under  Admiral 
Semmes. 

A  North  Carolina  soldier,  Orren  Randolph  Smith,  was 
the  designer  of  the  Stars  and  Bars  flag,  so  decided  by  the 
four   Confederate  organisations. 

6 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF  NORTH  CAROLINA 

IN  THE  WAR  BETWEEN  THE  STATES 

1861—1865 

North  Carolina  secedes,  May  20,  1861. 

Received  as  a  member  of  the  Southern  Confederacy 
May  27,  '62. 

Fort  Caswell  and  Macon  seized  by  Confederates. 

Taking  of  the  United  States  Arsenal  at  Fayetteville, 
April  22,  1861. 

Federal  Naval  attack  on  North  Carolina,  August  '61. 

Fall  of  Hatteras,  August  29,  1861. 

Federal   Expedition   under  Burnside,  January,   '62. 

Fall  of  Roanoke  Island,  February  8,   1862. 

Capture  of  Plymouth,  Morehead,  Beaufort,  and'  Fort 
Macon,  April,  1862,  by  the  Federals. 

Battle  of  South  Mills,  1862. 

Zebulon  B.  Vance  elected  Governor  of  North  Carolina 
August  '62. 

Battle  of  Kinston,  December  14,  ,62. 

Battle  of  Whitehall,  December  16,  1862. 

Battle   of   Goldsboro,   December   17,   1862. 

Capture  of  Washington,  March  30,   1863. 

Battle  of  Blount's  Mill,  1863. 

Burning  of  the  "Underwriter,"  (Federal  gunboat), 
December   1863. 

Launching  of  the  Confederate  Ram  "Albermarle," 
April,    1864. 

Sinking  of  the  "Albermarle,"   October  27,   1864. 

Hon.  George  Davis  appointed  Attorney-General,  Con- 
federate  Cabinet,  January  4,   1864. 

Bombardment  of  Fort  Fisher,  December  25,  1864. 
Fort  Fisher  fell  January   15,   1865. 

Wilmington   captured,  February  22,    1865. 

Burning  of  Arsenal  at  Fayetteville  by  Sherman,  March 
12,   1865. 

Battle  of  Longstreet  (near  Fayetteville)  March  10,  "65. 

Battle  of  Averasboro,  March  16,  '65. 


Battle  of  Benton ville,  March  19th-22ncf,  1865,  last  im- 
portant battle  in  the  war,  and  the  greatest  engagement 
ever  fought  on  North  Carolina  soil.  Here  our  Junior 
Reserve  covered  themselves  with  everlasting  glory,  when 
they  assisted  in  confronting  the  whole  of  Sherman's  army 
of  Veteran  soldiers. 

Surrender  of  Johnston  to  Sherman  (near  Durham) 
April  26,  1865. 

Last  skirmish  under  the  regular  command,  Waynesville, 
May  6,   1865.     Col.  Love  defeats  Kirk. 


o 


LIST  OF  NORTH  CAROLINA  GENERALS  IN  THE 
CONFEDERATE  ARMY 

1861 

Adjutant'General:     James  C.  Martin 

Assistant  Adjutant'Generals 

A.  Gordon 

John  C.  Wider 

William  B.  Gulick 

Surgeon'General:     Charles  E.  Johnson 

1864 

Adjutant'Generals 
R.  C.  Gatlin  Daniel  G.  Fowle 

Surgeon'General:     Edwin  Warren 

GENERAL  OFFICERS 

Lieutenant'Generals 
Theophilus  H.  Holmes  Daniel  H.  Hill 

Major'Generals 
Robert  Ransom,  William  D.  Pender,  Stephen  D.  Ram- 
seur,  Robert  F.  Hoke,  Bryan  Grimes. 


8 


Brigadier'Generals 

James  F.  Gordon,  Matt.  W.  Ransom,  William  R.  Cox, 
George  B.  Anderson,  Lawrence  S.  Baker,  William  H. 
Cheek,  William  G.  Lewis,  Alfred  H.  Scales,  Junius  Daniel, 
Wm.  McRae,  Wm.  P.  Roberts,  Alfred  Iverson,  Wm.  W. 
Kirkland,  Jas.  Johnson  Pettigrew,  Robert  D.  Johnson, 
Thos.  L.  Clingman,  James  H.  Lane,  Lawrence  OB. 
Branch,  Collett  Leverthrope,  Archibald  C.  Godwin,  Beverly- 
Robertson,  John  R.  Cooke. 

Wilcox,  a  Tennesseean;  Robertson,  a  South  Carolinian; 
Cooke,  a  Virginian,  all  commanded  North  Carolinians. 


o 


******* 


North  Carolinians  Who  Were  General  Officers  in 
Southern  Armies 

Major'Generals  were:  Braxton  Bragg,  Leonidas  Polk, 
William  Loring. 

Brigadier-Generals  were:  McCullock,  Zollicoffer,  and 
Raines. 

North  Carolina  Officers  of  highest  rank  in  Confederate 
Navy:  Commander  John  N.  Maffitt,  Capt.  J.  W.  Cooke, 
Lt.  Commander  James  Iredell  Waddell,  Commodore  W. 
T.  Muse. 

North  Carolina  Generals  killed  were:  Pender,  Ram' 
seur,  Whiting,  Branch,  Daniel,  Gordon,  Anderson,  Petti' 
grew,  Godwin. 

(Authorities  are  Clark's  N.  C.  Regimental  Histories 
and  Ashe's  History  of  N.  C,  Vol.  2.) 


******* 


FACTS  ABOUT  SECESSION  OF  THE  SOUTH 

(Compiled'  from  Miss  Rutherford's  "Scrap  Book") 

It  was  not  a  CIVIL  WAR  as  this  was  not  between  two 
parties  in  the  same  State. 

It  was  not  War  of  SECESSION,  as  the  Southern  States 
seceded  with  no  thought  of  war. 

It  was  not  a  WAR  OF  SECTIONS,  but  both  sides 
were  contending  for  a  principle. 

9 


It  was  not  a  WAR  OF  REBELLION,  for  SOVER- 
EIGN   STATES   cannot  rebel. 

IT  WAS  THE  WAR  BETWEEN  THE  STATES  for 
the  non'seceding  States  of  the  United  States  made  war 
upon  the  seceding  States  to  force  them  back  into  the 
Union. 

The  real  cause  of  the  War  Between  the  States  was: 
Interference  with  State  rights  as  given  in  the  Constitu- 
tion  of  the  United  States. 

Seven  times  before  1860  the  right  of  withdrawing 
from  the  Union  had  been  formally  claimed,  6  times  by 
New  England  States,  but  Lincoln  violated  the  Constitu- 
tion when,  without  the  consent  of  Congress,  he  called  for 
75,000   volunteers  to   force  back  the  seceding   States. 

The  South  seceded  without  any  thought  of  war.  They 
withdrew  and1  formed  a  government  which  would  respect 
their  rights  as  given  by  the  Constitution.  The  Constitu- 
tion gave  the  State  interferred  with  the  right  to  secede. 
The  rights  of  the  Southern  States  were  rpatdly  inter- 
ferred with,  such  as  when  Congress  limited  her  territorial 
rights  in  1820,  made  tariff  laws  unjust  to  them  in  1833, 
gave  unjust  distribution  of  money  from  the  Treasury,  al- 
lowed the  Compromise  of  1850  to  be  violated,  and  Pres- 
ident Lincoln  was  elected  by  the  fifteen  States  which  vio- 
lated the  compromise. 

The  South  never  violated  the  Constitution,  the  North 
violated  it  seventeen   times. 

The  South  seceded  from  the  violators  of  the  Consti- 
tution. 

War  was  caused  by  the  breaking  of  an  armistice  and' 
forcing  the  firing  on  Ft.  Sumter. 

The  surrender  was  caused  by  600,000  men  being  over- 
powered by  2,850,000. 

The  CAUSE  was  not  lost;  as  the  principle  for  which 
the  South  fought,  interference  with  State  Rights,  still 
exists. 

10 


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